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Eduardo Bradley (1887–1951) was an Argentine pilot and balloonist who in 1916 made the first balloon crossing of the Andes. He was a leading figure in the founding of civil aviation in South America.〔Bulletin of the Pan American Union, Volume 48. January–June 1919. Page 313 Copy from Cornel University Library ()〕 Born in the city of La Plata, Argentina on April 9, 1887,〔(Genealogies at Thomas Osgood Bradley Foundation, eighth generation )〕 Bradley was the son of Tomás Bradley Sutton, veteran of the Paraguayan War, and Mary Hayes O’Callaghan.〔(Genealogies at Thomas Osgood Bradley Foundation, seventh generation )〕 He began his pilot's career alongside Jorge Newbery.〔"Más liviano que el aire". (Thiner Than Air) Historias con globos, A biography of Eduardo Bradley by Nelson Montes-Bradley. Philadelphia, USA, 2007〕 His brevet was the first issued following the newly created regulations of the International Civil Aviation Organization. Shortly after Newbery's death in 1914, he set out to honor his late friend by attempting to cross the Andes in an aerostat. Already an experienced balloonist, Bradley had made over one hundred ascensions and set records for altitude (6,900 meters), flight duration (28 hours, 10 minutes), and distance covered in-flight (900 km, to Rio Grande do Sul from Buenos Aires). ==Crossing of the Andes== Preliminary studies had determined the crossing should be eastbound, which was the direction the winds carried at the altitude required. This later required moving to Santiago de Chile to make the necessary arrangements. Eduardo Bradley presented his plans to Aero Club Argentino, which eventually provided two balloons and the necessary gear to produce high volumes of hydrogen. Although the balloons turned out to be usable, the hydrogen-producing gear was absolutely worthless. The larger of the two balloons, named ''Eduardo Newbery'' (after an Argentine aviation pioneer), was chosen by Bradley for the flight. The second balloon, named ''Teniente Origone'', was used for testing prior to the actual crossing of the Andes. Bradley's first choice for co-pilot was Julio Crespo Vivot, a seasoned aviator with whom he had flown while setting the record for altitude, but Vivot refused to come along on the adventure. In his stead, Bradley selected Angel María Zuloaga, a young army lieutenant.〔Santos-Dumont, Alberto. “South and Central America Waiting for Aerial Transportation” ()〕 Once in Chile the crew had serious difficulties with the generation of hydrogen, due to the accidental loss of most of the sulfuric acid imported from Argentina. Bradley decided to resort to coal gas, produced in Chile and readily available, with a high percentage of hydrogen. The odyssey would have been impossible without the cooperation of Chilean authorities, who responded more favorably to Bradley's request for support than did officials in his native Argentina. The crossing of the Andes on an aerostat filled with coal gas was finally accomplished on June 24, 1916. At an altitude of 8,100m, the temperature dropped to -30°C. The adventure lasted three and a half hours from the moment of liftoff in Santiago to the landing in Cerro de la Cepa, Uspallata, Mendoza, Argentina.〔"A 95 años de un cruce de los Andes “imposible”” Los Andes On Line. June 26, 2014 ()〕 Bradley and Zuloaga were welcomed in Argentina as national heroes.〔Un símbolo que no pierde vigencia. La Nación. Buenos Aires, Argentina. June 20, 2012. ()〕〔(Diario Los Andes. February 15, 2014 )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Eduardo Bradley」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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